Italian dictator Benito Mussolini standing on a balcony, Naples, Italy, 1930

At Piazza del Plebiscito, crowds of people cheer as Benito Mussolini is seen standing outside a balcony, Naples, Italy, 1930. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was an Italian dictator who founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922, until his deposition in 1943, as well as Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until his execution in 1945. As a dictator and founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired the international spread of fascist movements during the interwar period.